[Chapter 6] 6.9 The continue Statement

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| Chapter 6 Statements and Control Structures |

## 6.9 The continue Statement

A `continue` statement stops the current iteration of an iteration statement and transfers control to the start of the next iteration:

A `continue` statement must occur within a `while`, `for`, or `do` statement or the compiler issues an error message.

If a `continue` statement does not contain an identifier, the statement stops the current iteration in the innermost enclosing `while`, `for`, or `do` statement and attempts to transfer control to the start of the next iteration. This means that in a `while` or `do` statement, the `continue` statement transfers control to just after the contained statement of the `while` or `do` statement. In a `for` statement, the `continue` statement transfers control to the increment portion of the `for` statement. Here is an example of a `continue` statement that contains no identifier:

    public static void main (String[] argv) {
        for (int i=0; i<=15; i++) {
            System.out.println(i);
            if ( (i&1) == 0 )
                continue;
            System.out.println("That's odd");
        }
    }

The above example outputs the numbers 0 through 15, printing "That's odd" after each odd number.

The innermost `while`, `for`, `do`, or `switch` statement that encloses the `continue` statement must be in the immediately enclosing method or initializer block. The `continue` statement in the following example is used incorrectly and generates an error:

    while (true) {
        class X {
            void doIt() {
                continue;
            }
        }
        new X().doIt();
    }

If a `continue` statement contains an identifier, the identifier must be defined as the label of an enclosing `while`, `for`, or `do` statement. A `continue` statement that contains an identifier stops the current iteration of the labeled iteration statement and attempts to transfer control to the start of the next iteration of that loop. Here is an example of a `continue` statement that contains an identifier:

    public boolean search(int x, int a[][]) {
        int count = 0;
      top:
        for (int i=0; i<a.length; i++) {
            int b[] = a[i];
            for (int j=0; j < b.length; j++) {
                if (x == b[j])
                    return true;
                if ( x < b[j])
                    continue top;
            } // for j
            count++;
            if (count > 100)
                return false;
        } // for i
        return false;
    } // search()

The above method searches an array of arrays of integers for a specified value. The method assumes that the values in the sub-arrays are in descending order. The method gives up after checking 100 values.

The label used in a `continue` statement must be in the immediately enclosing method or initializer block.

The statement to which a `continue` statement attempts to transfer control is called the target statement. If a `continue` statement occurs inside a `try` statement, control may not immediately transfer to the target statement. If a `try` statement has a `finally` clause, the `finally` block is executed before control leaves the `try` statement for any reason. This means that if a `continue` statement occurs inside a `try` statement (but not in its `finally` block) and the target statement is outside of the `try` statement, the `finally` block is executed first, before the control transfer can take place.

If the `finally` block contains a `break`, `continue`, `return`, or `throw` statement, the pending control transfer for the previously executed `continue` statement is forgotten. Instead, control is transferred to the target of the `break`, `continue`, `return`, or `throw` statement in the `finally` block.

If the `finally` block does not contain a `break`, `continue`, `return`, or `throw` statement, the pending control transfer happens after the `finally` block is done executing, unless the target statement is enclosed by another `try` statement. If there is another enclosing `try` statement and it has a `finally` clause, that `finally` block is also executed before the control transfer can take place. Execution proceeds in this manner until the target statement of the `continue` is executed.

References Identifiers; Labeled Statements; The break Statement; The do Statement; The for Statement; The return Statement; The throw Statement; The try Statement; The while Statement

The break Statement |  | The return Statement