Index: L

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## Index: L

-l (automatic line ending) command-line switch: 19.1.3. Switches (Programming Perl)
\\\\L (lowercase) characters: 4.6.4. Character Classes (Perl in a Nutshell)
l command (Perl debugger): 6.2. Debugger Commands (Perl in a Nutshell)
-l file test operator: 4.5.8. File Test Operators (Perl in a Nutshell)
L<\\> interior sequence (pod): 4.13.2. Interior Sequences (Perl in a Nutshell)
-l option, form geometry manager: 21.2.4. The form Geometry Manager (Perl in a Nutshell)
-l option (dprofpp): 6.5. The Perl Profiler (Perl in a Nutshell)
-L option (perlcc): 3.4. The Perl Compiler (Perl in a Nutshell)
\\\\l shortcut: 9.6.5. Case Shifting (Learning Perl)
\l string escape: 1.13.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
-l (symbolic link) file test: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators (Programming Perl)
-label option
  Frame widget: 21.17. The Frame Widget (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Menubutton widget: 21.14.1. Menu Item Options (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Scale widget: 21.13. The Scale Widget (Perl in a Nutshell)
Label widget (Perl/Tk): 21.7. The Label Widget (Perl in a Nutshell)
label_exists( ) (Mail::Folder): 16.2.3. Handle Folders with Mail::Folder (Perl in a Nutshell)
-labelPack option (Frame): 21.17. The Frame Widget (Perl in a Nutshell)
labels: 10.8.4. Labeled Blocks (Learning Perl)
  4.2. Compound Statements (Programming Perl)
  4.4.4. Loop Control (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  with goto statement: 4.6. goto (Programming Perl)
    29.2.71. goto (Programming Perl)
  loops: 4.3.1.5. Loop control (Perl in a Nutshell)
  loops and: Glossary (Programming Perl)
  names for: 2.5. Names (Programming Perl)
  packages and: 10. Packages (Programming Perl)
  statement blocks: 4.3. Statements (Perl in a Nutshell)
labels, menu: 15.14.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
-labelVariable option (Frame): 21.17. The Frame Widget (Perl in a Nutshell)
language extensions, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory (Programming Perl)
languages
  checking characters for: 5.4.3.3. Unicode block properties (Programming Perl)
  natural vs. artificial: 1.2. Natural and Artificial Languages (Programming Perl)
  translating: 24.5.2. Generating Perl in Other Languages (Programming Perl)
large numbers: B.9.3. Large and High-Precision Numbers (Learning Perl)
Larry (see Wall, Larry)
last( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Net::NNTP module: 17.2.2. Net::NNTP Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Net::POP3 module: 16.1.3. Retrieving Email with Net::POP3 (Perl in a Nutshell)
  4.13.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  4.3.1.5. Loop control (Perl in a Nutshell)
  do {} while construct, not taking: 24.1.3. C Traps (Programming Perl)
last found occurrence of a substring, rindex function for: 15.1. Finding a Substring with index (Learning Perl)
last function: 24.3. Programming with Style (Programming Perl)
last index (Menu widget): 21.15.1. Menu Indexes (Perl in a Nutshell)
last operator: 10.8.1. The last Operator (Learning Perl)
  1.6.2.4. Breaking out: next and last (Programming Perl)
  4.4.2. for Loops (Programming Perl)
  4.4.4. Loop Control (Programming Perl)
  4.4.4. Loop Control (Programming Perl)
  4.5.1. Case Structures (Programming Perl)
  24.2.1. Time Efficiency (Programming Perl)
  29.2.81. last (Programming Perl)
  used in a do while: 4.5. Bare Blocks (Programming Perl)
LastError( ) (Win32::OLE): 23.2.1. Win32::OLE Methods (Perl in a Nutshell)
last_labeled_message( ) (Mail::Folder): 16.2.3. Handle Folders with Mail::Folder (Perl in a Nutshell)
last_message( ) (Mail::Folder): 16.2.3. Handle Folders with Mail::Folder (Perl in a Nutshell)
laston program: 8.26. Program: laston (Perl Cookbook)
$LAST_PAREN_MATCH: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order (Programming Perl)
$LAST_PAREN_MATCH ($+) variable: 4.4.5. Regular Expression Special Variables (Perl in a Nutshell)
LaTeX, translating pod to: 4.13.3. Pod Utilities (Perl in a Nutshell)
laziness: Glossary (Programming Perl)
lc( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  1.13.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  29.2.82. lc (Programming Perl)
lcfirst( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  1.13.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  29.2.83. lcfirst (Programming Perl)
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol): 18.8.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  19. Lightweight Directory Access with Net::LDAP (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Net::LDAP, searching with: 19.2. Searching an LDAP Directory with Net::LDAP (Perl in a Nutshell)
  server: 18.8.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
    modify( ) and: 18.8.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
    search( ) and: 18.8.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
LDAPm (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
  data structure: 19.1. How Data Is Stored in LDAP (Perl in a Nutshell)
LDIF (LDAP Directory Interchange Format): 19.1. How Data Is Stored in LDAP (Perl in a Nutshell)
le (less-than-or-equal) operator: 4.5.4.1. Relational operators (Perl in a Nutshell)
leading whitespace, removing: 1.19.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
leading zero: 2.2.4. Nondecimal Integer Literals (Learning Perl)
left angle bracket (<)
  file-access modes: 7.. I/O Operations (Perl Cookbook)
    7.1.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  <&= and <& open modes: 7.9.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  <FH> line input operator: 7.. I/O Operations (Perl Cookbook)
  <=> numerical comparison operator: 4.15.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
left justification: 7.1. Format Variables (Programming Perl)
-left option, form geometry manager: 21.2.4. The form Geometry Manager (Perl in a Nutshell)
left-shift (<<) operator: 3.9. Shift Operators (Programming Perl)
leftmost longest matching: 5.5. Quantifiers (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
-leftspring option form geometry manager: 21.2.4. The form Geometry Manager (Perl in a Nutshell)
length( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
LENGTH (awk variable): 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order (Programming Perl)
length function: 16.3. Fixed-length Random-access Databases (Learning Perl)
  29.2.84. length (Programming Perl)
  byte-oriented wrapper for: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics (Programming Perl)
length, matching: 5.5. Quantifiers (Programming Perl)
-length option (Scale): 21.13. The Scale Widget (Perl in a Nutshell)
less module: 8.138. less (Perl in a Nutshell)
  32.1.13. Perl Language Extensions and Internals (Programming Perl)
less-than (<, lt) operators: 4.5.4.1. Relational operators (Perl in a Nutshell)
less than (<) operator: 3.11. Relational Operators (Programming Perl)
less-than-or-equal (<, le) operators: 4.5.4.1. Relational operators (Perl in a Nutshell)
less than or equal (<=) operator: 3.11. Relational Operators (Programming Perl)
less-than sign (<) for opening files: 11.2. Opening a Filehandle (Learning Perl)
lexer: 18.2. Compiling Your Code (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
lexical analysis: 21.1. How Perl Works (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  in the Perl compiler: 18.2. Compiling Your Code (Programming Perl)
lexical scope: 10.2.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  4.8.2. Lexically Scoped Variables: my (Programming Perl)
  pragmas and: 4.9. Pragmas (Programming Perl)
lexical scopes: 2.5. Names (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  package variables, searching for: 2.5.1. Name Lookups (Programming Perl)
  variables attached to: 2.5. Names (Programming Perl)
lexical scoping: 4.2.7. Declarations and Scope (Perl in a Nutshell)
  4.7.4. Private and Local Variables (Perl in a Nutshell)
lexical variables: 4.6. Private Variables in Subroutines (Learning Perl)
  4.9. Notes on Lexical (my) Variables (Learning Perl)
  7. Formats (Programming Perl)
  29.2.99. my (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  accessing from functions: 6.2.3. Scoping Issues (Programming Perl)
  closures and: 6.4. Closures (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
    6.6. Closure Variables as Inputs (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  data destruction and: 10. Object Destruction (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  defined: 2.3. Using do (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  file-scoped, storing anonymous subroutine in: 12.5.5. Private Methods (Programming Perl)
  in functions or files, showing: 32.1.19. Perl Compiler and Code Generator (Programming Perl)
  @ISA and: 8.5. A Few Notes About @ISA (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  packages and: 2.9. Packages and Lexicals (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
    2.9. Packages and Lexicals (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  persistence across function calls: 6.2.3. Scoping Issues (Programming Perl)
  recursive lexical pad stack: 18.3. Executing Your Code (Programming Perl)
  reference longevity: 4.1. More than One Reference to Data (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  subroutine references: 6.4. Closures (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
    6.5. Returning a Subroutine from a Subroutine (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
    6.7. Closure Variables as Static Local Variables (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  symbolic references and: 8.4. Symbolic References (Programming Perl)
  threads, accessing in: 17.2.2. Data Access (Programming Perl)
  typed: Glossary (Programming Perl)
lexical warnings: 2.4. Perl's Built-in Warnings (Learning Perl)
  32.1.15. Warnings and Exceptions (Programming Perl)
  ${^WARNING_BITS}: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order (Programming Perl)
lexically scoped declarations: 4.8. Scoped Declarations (Programming Perl)
lexicals: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations (Programming Perl)
  (see also lexical scope)
lib module: 8.139. lib (Perl in a Nutshell)
  32.1.17. Module Installation Support (Programming Perl)
lib pragma: B.6.3. The lib Pragma (Learning Perl)
  11.1. Using Modules (Programming Perl)
lib-win32 library: 22. Win32 Modules and Extensions (Perl in a Nutshell)
lib-www-perl file: 20. The LWP Library (Perl in a Nutshell)
libnet modules: 16. Email Connectivity (Perl in a Nutshell)
libraries: 12.. Other Kinds of Library Files (Perl Cookbook)
  B.4.1. Libraries (Learning Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  alternate installation locations: 13.6. Alternate Installation Locations (PREFIX=...) (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
    13.10. Using the Alternate Library Location (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  C/C++, loading as Perl extensions: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support (Programming Perl)
    32.1.17. Module Installation Support (Programming Perl)
  DBM: 14.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
  ExtUtils::Liblist module: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support (Programming Perl)
  libxml2: 22.. History of Perl and XML (Perl Cookbook)
    22.5.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  loading only once: 2.4. Using require (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  math library, C: 21.3.4. Using Functions from an External C Library (Programming Perl)
  OpenSSL: 20.16.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  Perl, installing modules into: 22.2.3. Installing CPAN Modules into the Perl Library (Programming Perl)
  Perl library files, searching for: 19.2. Environment Variables (Programming Perl)
  permissions: 19.3.3.3. Is the script valid Perl? (Perl Cookbook)
  search path for: 2.5. require and @INC (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  uninstalled extensions from MakeMaker: 32.1.17. Module Installation Support (Programming Perl)
library modules, functions for: 5.1. Perl Functions by Category (Perl in a Nutshell)
libwww-perl modules: 20.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
libxml2 library: 22.. History of Perl and XML (Perl Cookbook)
  22.5.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
licenses for Perl: 1.3. How Can I Get Perl? (Learning Perl)
  embedding code snippets and: B.24. Embedding (Learning Perl)
licensing: 13.2. Looking at the Templates (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
life cycle, Perl programs: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program (Programming Perl)
  code generation phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program (Programming Perl)
  compilation phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program (Programming Perl)
  execution phase: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program (Programming Perl)
  parse tree reconstruction: 18.1. The Life Cycle of a Perl Program (Programming Perl)
LIFO (Last In, First Out): Glossary (Programming Perl)
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (see LDAP)
like function (Test::More): 14.3. Writing Tests with Test::More (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
__LINE__; setting: 24.5.2. Generating Perl in Other Languages (Programming Perl)
line breaks
  extracting ranges of lines: 6.8.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  lines in files
    counting: 8.2.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
    deleting last: 8.10.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
    randomizing order: 8.7.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
    selecting random: 8.6.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  matching within multiple lines: 6.6.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  reading files backwards: 8.4.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  reading with continuation characters: 8.1.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
_ _LINE_ _ constant: 4.4.4. Global Special Constants (Perl in a Nutshell)
line counter (see $. variable)
line-end processing, automatic: 19.1.3. Switches (Programming Perl)
LINE: (implicit loop label): 7.14.3.2. Command-line options (Perl Cookbook)
line-input <...\\> operator: 4.9. Filehandles (Perl in a Nutshell)
line input operator: 7.. I/O Operations (Perl Cookbook)
  8.. Basic Operations (Perl Cookbook)
line-input operators: 2.8. Getting User Input (Learning Perl)
  2.8. Getting User Input (Learning Perl)
  6.2. Input from the Diamond Operator (Learning Perl)
  11.4. Using Filehandles (Learning Perl)
line mode interfaces: 15.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
line number: 2.6.8. Other Literal Tokens (Programming Perl)
  die function and: 11.3. Fatal Errors with die (Learning Perl)
  warn function and: 11.3.1. Warning Messages with warn (Learning Perl)
line numbers: Glossary (Programming Perl)
  of input file: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order (Programming Perl)
line-oriented quoting: 2.6.6. "Here" Documents (Programming Perl)
line reading operator: 1.4. Filehandles (Programming Perl)
line separator character: 2.2. Molecules (Programming Perl)
__LINE__ symbol: 10.4.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
line terminators, Internet programs: 16.5.2. Networking Servers (Programming Perl)
__LINE__ token: 2.6.8. Other Literal Tokens (Programming Perl)
LineInfo option (debugger): 20.3.3. Debugger Options (Programming Perl)
LineInfo option (PERLDB_OPTS): 6.4. Customizing the Debugger (Perl in a Nutshell)
lines: Glossary (Programming Perl)
  boundary assertions: 5.6.1. Beginnings: The \A and ^ Assertions (Programming Perl)
  counting in files: 8.2.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  reading files backward by: 8.4.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  single, extracting from file: 8.8.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
@lines array variable: 1.5. A Whirlwind Tour of Perl (Learning Perl)
linestart, lineend modifiers (Text widget): 21.11.1. Text Indexes and Modifiers (Perl in a Nutshell)
Lingua::EN::Inflect module: 2.17.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
link( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
link count: 13.3. Links and Files (Learning Perl)
link function: 13.3. Links and Files (Learning Perl)
  29.2.85. link (Programming Perl)
links: 20.3.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  13.3. Links and Files (Learning Perl)
  29.2.123. readlink (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  HTTP, searching for: 1.7. Regular Expressions (Programming Perl)
  number of ($nlink): 11.6.1. The stat and lstat Functions (Learning Perl)
links( ), extracting URLs: 20.3.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
Lint backend (Perl compiler): 3.4. The Perl Compiler (Perl in a Nutshell)
lint (C program verifier): 18.6. Code Development Tools (Programming Perl)
Linux, installing Perl and: 2.3.1. Installing on Unix (Perl in a Nutshell)
List( )
  Win32::Internet module: 22.7.2. FTP Functions (Perl in a Nutshell)
list active command (NNTP): 17.1. The NNTP Protocol (Perl in a Nutshell)
list assignment: 1.3.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
list context: 3.8. Scalar and List Context (Learning Perl)
  4.2.6. Scalar and List Contexts (Perl in a Nutshell)
  1.8. List Processing (Programming Perl)
  2.7.1. Scalar and List Context (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  angle operator in: 2.11.2. Line Input (Angle) Operator (Programming Perl)
  backslash operator, supplying: 8.3.6. Other Tricks You Can Do with Hard References (Programming Perl)
  comma operator in: 3.18. Comma Operators (Programming Perl)
  conditional operator in: 3.16. Conditional Operator (Programming Perl)
  evaluating expressions in (debugger): 20.2.4. Display (Programming Perl)
  expressions in (see LISTs)
  forcing scalar context instead: 29.2.137. scalar (Programming Perl)
  foreach statements, providing: 1.6.2.3. The foreach statement (Programming Perl)
  functions in: 29. Functions (Programming Perl)
  hash variables, using in: 2.9. Hashes (Programming Perl)
  hashes in: 1.2.1.2.2. Hashes. (Programming Perl)
  list assignment in: 3.17. Assignment Operators (Programming Perl)
  lvalues in: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations (Programming Perl)
  m// (match) operator in: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching) (Programming Perl)
  m//g, listing all matches found: 5.2.2. The m// Operator (Matching) (Programming Perl)
  operations behaving differently in: 24.1.2. Frequently Ignored Advice (Programming Perl)
  range (..) operator in: 3.15. Range Operator (Programming Perl)
  recognizing in debugger: 20.1. Using the Debugger (Programming Perl)
  return values and: 4.4. Return Values (Learning Perl)
  subroutines, calling and evaluating in: 6.2. Semantics (Programming Perl)
  using backquotes in: 14.4.1. Using Backquotes in a List Context (Learning Perl)
list context, detecting: 10.6.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
list literals: 3.3. List Literals (Learning Perl)
list method current thread objects in process: 17.2.1.6. Listing current threads (Programming Perl)
list operators: 4.5. Operators (Perl in a Nutshell)
  3. Unary and Binary Operators (Programming Perl)
  3.1. Terms and List Operators (Leftward) (Programming Perl)
  3.19. List Operators (Rightward) (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  unary operators, distinguishing from: 3.10. Named Unary and File Test Operators (Programming Perl)
list prototype symbol (@): 4.7.5. Prototypes (Perl in a Nutshell)
list values
  arrays and: 2.8. List Values and Arrays (Programming Perl)
  arrays vs.: 2.8. List Values and Arrays (Programming Perl)
list_all_labels( ) (Mail::Folder): 16.2.3. Handle Folders with Mail::Folder (Perl in a Nutshell)
Listbox widget (Perl/Tk): 21.10. The Listbox Widget (Perl in a Nutshell)
listen( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Socket module: 15.1. Built-in Socket Functions (Perl in a Nutshell)
    15.1.3. Server Connections (Perl in a Nutshell)
listen function: 29.2.86. listen (Programming Perl)
Listen option
  IO::Socket::INET module: 15.2.4. IO::Socket::INET Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  IO::Socket::UNIX module: 15.2.5. IO::Socket::UNIX Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
listgroup( ) (Net::NNTP): 17.2.2. Net::NNTP Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
listing code: 20.2.5. Locating Code (Programming Perl)
list_labels( ) (Mail::Folder): 16.2.3. Handle Folders with Mail::Folder (Perl in a Nutshell)
LISTs: 1.8. List Processing (Programming Perl)
  4.2. Compound Statements (Programming Perl)
$LIST_SEPARATOR: 28.2. Special Variables in Alphabetical Order (Programming Perl)
$LIST_SEPARATOR ($") variable: 4.4.1. Global Special Variables (Perl in a Nutshell)
LISTs===>lists: 1.8. List Processing (Programming Perl)
List::Util module: 8.140. List::Util (Perl in a Nutshell)
literal strings (see string literals)
literals: 2.2.2. Floating-Point Literals (Learning Perl)
  5.1. The Regular Expression Bestiary (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  numeric (see numeric literals)
  pseudoliterals (see input operators)
  string (see string literals)
  UTF-8, enabling use in: 15.2. Effects of Character Semantics (Programming Perl)
little arrow (->): 5.2.3. The Big Arrow (Learning Perl)
  in method names: 13.8.3. The File::Spec Module (Learning Perl)
little-endian: 25.2. Endianness and Number Width (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
Llama book: 1. Introduction (Learning Perl)
  1.3.3. Are There Any Other Kinds of Support? (Learning Perl)
.lnk files: 22.18. Win32::Shortcut (Perl in a Nutshell)
Load( )
  Win32::OLE::Const module: 23.5. Win32::OLE::Const (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Win32::Registry module: 22.15.1. Win32::Registry Methods (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Win32::Shortcut module: 22.18. Win32::Shortcut (Perl in a Nutshell)
loading data structures: 9.6.3. Generation of a Hash of Complex Records (Programming Perl)
loading functions
  AutoLoader module: 8.5. AutoLoader (Perl in a Nutshell)
  DynaLoader module: 8.61. DynaLoader (Perl in a Nutshell)
  SelfLoader module: 8.184. SelfLoader (Perl in a Nutshell)
loading modules: 12.10.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  with mod_perl: 21.14.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
local( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  global values: 10.13.3.1. Using local( ) for temporary values for globals (Perl Cookbook)
  overriding signal handlers: 16.16.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  redefining functions: 10.14.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  signals, and: 4.10. Signals (Perl in a Nutshell)
local declaration: 29.2.87. local (Programming Perl)
local function: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations (Programming Perl)
  4.8.2. Lexically Scoped Variables: my (Programming Perl)
  29.2.87. local (Programming Perl)
  common programming errors with: 24.1.1. Universal Blunders (Programming Perl)
  my declaration, using instead of: 24.1.2. Frequently Ignored Advice (Programming Perl)
local operator: 10.13.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  4.7. The local Operator (Learning Perl)
  global variables, using on: 4.8.4. Dynamically Scoped Variables: local (Programming Perl)
Local option (IO::Socket::UNIX): 15.2.5. IO::Socket::UNIX Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
local variables: 4.2.7. Declarations and Scope (Perl in a Nutshell)
  4.7.4. Private and Local Variables (Perl in a Nutshell)
LocalAddr option (IO::Socket::INET): 15.2.4. IO::Socket::INET Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
locale, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory (Programming Perl)
locale module: 8.141. locale (Perl in a Nutshell)
  32.1.6. Internationalization and Locale (Programming Perl)
locale settings: 6.12.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
locales: B.30. Locales and Unicode (Learning Perl)
  decimal points in formats: 7. Formats (Programming Perl)
  declarations, string comparisons and: 3.11. Relational Operators (Programming Perl)
  modules for: 32.1.6. Internationalization and Locale (Programming Perl)
  Perl character class shortcuts and: 5.4.2. Classic Perl Character Class Shortcuts (Programming Perl)
  Unicode and: 29.2.82. lc (Programming Perl)
  use locale pragma with POSIX character classes: 5.4.4. POSIX-Style Character Classes (Programming Perl)
localization: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory (Programming Perl)
  (see also locale)
localized values, saving: 18.3. Executing Your Code (Programming Perl)
localizing functions: 10.14.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
LocalPort option (IO::Socket::INET): 15.2.4. IO::Socket::INET Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
localtime( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
  3.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
  3.8.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  calculating days: 3.6.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  Time::localtime/Time::gmtime: 3.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
  today's date: 3.1.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
localtime function: 11.6.2. The localtime Function (Learning Perl)
  29.2.88. localtime (Programming Perl)
  32.1.1. Data Types (Programming Perl)
  32.1.7. Operating System Interfaces (Programming Perl)
  text databases and: 16.4. Variable-length (Text) Databases (Learning Perl)
lock function
  data access control in threads: 17.2.2.1. Synchronizing access with lock (Programming Perl)
  reference as argument for: 8.1. What Is a Reference? (Programming Perl)
lockarea program: 7.25. Program: lockarea (Perl Cookbook)
locked attribute: 8.3. attributes (Perl in a Nutshell)
  12.7.6. New Tricks (Programming Perl)
locked attribute, subroutines: 17.2.2.4. The locked attribute (Programming Perl)
locking: 29.2.89. lock (Programming Perl)
  blocking signals: 16.20.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  files: 7.18.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
    advisory locking: 7.18.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
    netlock program: 7.24. Program: netlock (Perl Cookbook)
  region-specific locks: 7.25. Program: lockarea (Perl Cookbook)
locking files: 16.2.1. File Locking (Programming Perl)
  DBM files: 16.2.1. File Locking (Programming Perl)
    29.2.22. dbmopen (Programming Perl)
  dissolving locks by closing files: 16.2.1. File Locking (Programming Perl)
  flock function: 29.2.39. flock (Programming Perl)
  shared and exclusive locks: 16.2.1. File Locking (Programming Perl)
locking methods: 17.2.2.5. Locking methods (Programming Perl)
locking subroutines: 17.2.2.3. Locking subroutines (Programming Perl)
log( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
log10( ): 2.12.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
log files
  (see also logging)
  web server: 20.12.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
    processing: 20.13.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
log files, filehandles and: 11.2. Opening a Filehandle (Learning Perl)
  11.4.1. Changing the Default Output Filehandle (Learning Perl)
log function: 29.2.90. log (Programming Perl)
-log option (perlcc): 3.4. The Perl Compiler (Perl in a Nutshell)
logarithm: B.9.1. Advanced Math Functions (Learning Perl)
  29.2.90. log (Programming Perl)
logarithms: 2.12.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
log_base( ): 2.12.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
LOGDIR variable: 3.3. Environment Variables (Perl in a Nutshell)
  19.2. Environment Variables (Programming Perl)
Logfile::Apache module: 20.13.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
logfiles, Perl modules for: 22.1. The CPAN modules Directory (Programming Perl)
logging
  customizing Apache logging requests: 21.9.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
  port connection attempts: 17.20. Program: backsniff (Perl Cookbook)
  server logs, processing: 20.13.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
logical
  AND (&&) operator: 3.14. C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators (Programming Perl)
  negation (!) operator: 3.5. Ideographic Unary Operators (Programming Perl)
  operators: 3.14. C-Style Logical (Short-Circuit) Operators (Programming Perl)
  3.20. Logical and, or, not, and xor (Programming Perl)
logical functionality in patterns: 6.18.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
logical operators: 10.9. Logical Operators (Learning Perl)
  4.5.9. Logical Operators (Perl in a Nutshell)
  1.5.5. Logical Operators (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  or operator
    use with list operators: 4.7. Global Declarations (Programming Perl)
  overloading: 13.3. Overloadable Operators (Programming Perl)
  Perl, doing alternation: 5.9.1. Letting Perl Do the Work (Programming Perl)
  precedence of: 12.3.3. Syntactic Snafus with Indirect Objects (Programming Perl)
login( )
  Net::FTP module: 18.2. Net::FTP (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Net::Netrc module: 18.3. FTP Configuration with Net::Netrc (Perl in a Nutshell)
  Net::POP3 module: 16.1.3. Retrieving Email with Net::POP3 (Perl in a Nutshell)
    16.1.3. Retrieving Email with Net::POP3 (Perl in a Nutshell)
  POP3 server: 18.5.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
login entries (.netrc): 18.3. FTP Configuration with Net::Netrc (Perl in a Nutshell)
login names
  functions dealing with: 29.1. Perl Functions by Category (Programming Perl)
  getgrent function: 29.2.44. getgrent (Programming Perl)
  getgrgid function, returning: 29.2.45. getgrgid (Programming Perl)
  getgrnam function, returning: 29.2.46. getgrnam (Programming Perl)
  getlogin function for: 29.2.50. getlogin (Programming Perl)
login sessions: 15.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
long longs: 29.2.108. pack (Programming Perl)
longs: 29.2.108. pack (Programming Perl)
look command (CPAN.pm): 2.4.4. Installing Modules with the CPAN Module (Perl in a Nutshell)
lookahead: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
lookaround: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions (Programming Perl)
lookbehind: 5.10.1. Lookaround Assertions (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
looks_like_number( ): 2.1.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
lookup( ) (Net::Netrc): 18.3. FTP Configuration with Net::Netrc (Perl in a Nutshell)
loop blocks: 10.8.1. The last Operator (Learning Perl)
  10.8.2. The next Operator (Learning Perl)
  labels for: 10.8.4. Labeled Blocks (Learning Perl)
loop controls: 10.8. Loop Controls (Learning Perl)
loop variables: 4.5.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
looping (code structure): 5.1. Using the Debugger to View Complex Data (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  6.7. Closure Variables as Static Local Variables (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
looping (data structure): 4.4. When Reference Counting Goes Bad (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
  4.4. When Reference Counting Goes Bad (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
loops: 2.10. The while Control Structure (Learning Perl)
  4.3.1. Conditionals and Loops (Perl in a Nutshell)
  1.6.2. Iterative (Looping) Constructs (Programming Perl)
  4.4. Loop Statements (Programming Perl)
  24.1.1. Universal Blunders (Programming Perl)
  24.3. Programming with Style (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  comments and blank lines, discarding before processing: 5.9.1. Letting Perl Do the Work (Programming Perl)
  control operators for: 4.4.4. Loop Control (Programming Perl)
  control statements in: Glossary (Programming Perl)
  endless, stopping: 2.10. The while Control Structure (Learning Perl)
  eval function within: 24.2.1. Time Efficiency (Programming Perl)
  extracting slices, multidimensional arrays: 9.1.4. Slices (Programming Perl)
  for loops: 1.6.2.2. The for statement (Programming Perl)
  foreach loops: 1.6.2.3. The foreach statement (Programming Perl)
  \G assertion, using in: 5.6.5. Where You Left Off: The \G Assertion (Programming Perl)
  infinite: 4.4.2. for Loops (Programming Perl)
  iteration through: 4.4.2. for Loops (Programming Perl)
    Glossary (Programming Perl)
  labels for: 4.4.4. Loop Control (Programming Perl)
    Glossary (Programming Perl)
  last operator: 4.4.2. for Loops (Programming Perl)
    29.2.81. last (Programming Perl)
  next and last operators: 1.6.2.4. Breaking out: next and last (Programming Perl)
  next operator: 29.2.101. next (Programming Perl)
  redo operator and: 29.2.126. redo (Programming Perl)
  reset function and: 29.2.130. reset (Programming Perl)
  s/// (substitution) operator, using on arrays: 5.2.3.1. Modifying strings en passant (Programming Perl)
  using for: 4.4.2. for Loops (Programming Perl)
  using in (global substitutions): 5.2.3.2. When a global substitution just isn't global enough (Programming Perl)
  using until: 4.4.1. while and until Statements (Programming Perl)
  using while: 4.4.1. while and until Statements (Programming Perl)
  while loops: 1.6.2.1. The while and until statements (Programming Perl)
low-level programming languages: 1.2.1. Why Didn't Larry Just Use Some Other Language? (Learning Perl)
low-level socket access functions: 5.1. Perl Functions by Category (Perl in a Nutshell)
lower( ) (Canvas): 21.12.3. Canvas Methods (Perl in a Nutshell)
lowercase
  case shifting and: 9.6.5. Case Shifting (Learning Perl)
  vs. capitalization in variable names: 2.5.1. Choosing Good Variable Names (Learning Perl)
lowercase, converting to: 2.6.2. String Literals (Programming Perl)
lowercase, converting to uppercase: 1.13.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
-lp option
  form geometry manager: 21.2.4. The form Geometry Manager (Perl in a Nutshell)
lpa( ) (Net::Netrc): 18.3. FTP Configuration with Net::Netrc (Perl in a Nutshell)
lport manpage, function portability information: 29.2. Perl Functions in Alphabetical Order (Programming Perl)
ls( ) (Net::FTP): 18.2. Net::FTP (Perl in a Nutshell)
-ls option
  form geometry manager: 21.2.4. The form Geometry Manager (Perl in a Nutshell)
lst program: 9.13. Program: lst (Perl Cookbook)
lstat( ): 5. Function Reference (Perl in a Nutshell)
lstat function: 11.6.1. The stat and lstat Functions (Learning Perl)
  29.2.91. lstat (Programming Perl)
  29.2.91. lstat (Programming Perl)
  32.1.4. Filenames, Filesystems, and File Locking (Programming Perl)
  underscore filehandle and: 11.6.5. Using the Special Underscore Filehandle (Learning Perl)
< (left angle bracket)
  in debugger commands: 20.2.6. Actions and Command Execution (Programming Perl)
  file-access modes: 7.. I/O Operations (Perl Cookbook)
    7.1.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  for filename globbing: 2.11.3. Filename Globbing Operator (Programming Perl)
  in filenames: 29.2.104. open (Programming Perl)
  <=> (comparison)operator: 3.12. Equality Operators (Programming Perl)
  << for here documents: 2.6.6. "Here" Documents (Programming Perl)
  <<= (assignment) operator: 3.17. Assignment Operators (Programming Perl)
  less than operator: 3.11. Relational Operators (Programming Perl)
  <= (less than or equal) operator: 1.5.6. Some Numeric and String Comparison Operators (Programming Perl)
    3.11. Relational Operators (Programming Perl)
  for line input: 2.11.2. Line Input (Angle) Operator (Programming Perl)
  <&= and <& open modes: 7.9.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  <FH> line input operator: 7.. I/O Operations (Perl Cookbook)
  <=> numerical comparison operator: 4.15.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
lt (less-than) operator: 4.5.4.1. Relational operators (Perl in a Nutshell)
< less-than sign: 11.2. Opening a Filehandle (Learning Perl)
<endrange>Win32 modules
  Win32::ODBC module: 24.1. ODBC Methods and Properties (Perl in a Nutshell)
<> (angle brackets): 1.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
  globbing: 9.6.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  line input operator: 7.14.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  reading strings from binary files: 8.14.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
<=> (spaceship operator): 7.1. Review of Sorting (Learning Perl Objects, References and Modules)
<Perl\\>: 11.6. <Perl> Sections (Perl in a Nutshell)
lvaluable functions: 1.1.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
lvalue: 2.3. Built-in Data Types (Programming Perl)
lvalue attribute: 8.3. attributes (Perl in a Nutshell)
lvalues: 2.4. Variables (Programming Perl)
  Glossary (Programming Perl)
  assignment operators and: 3.17. Assignment Operators (Programming Perl)
  lvalue attribute, subroutines: 6.5. Subroutine Attributes (Programming Perl)
    6.5.2. The lvalue Attribute (Programming Perl)
  methods, declaring to indicate return of: 12.7.6. New Tricks (Programming Perl)
  modifiers and: 4.8.1. Scoped Variable Declarations (Programming Perl)
  operators and: 1.5.3. Assignment Operators (Programming Perl)
  pattern-matching operators, use on: 5.2. Pattern-Matching Operators (Programming Perl)
LWP (library for web access in Perl): 20. The LWP Library (Perl in a Nutshell)
  HTML modules: 20.4. The HTML Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTML::Element: 20.4.3. HTML::Element (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTML::FormatPS: 20.4.5. HTML::FormatPS (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTML::FormatText: 20.4.6. HTML::FormatText (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTML::Parser: 20.4. The HTML Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
      20.4.1. HTML::Parser (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTML::TreeBuilder: 20.4.4. HTML::TreeBuilder (Perl in a Nutshell)
  HTTP modules
    HTTP::Cookies: 20.3.6. HTTP::Cookies (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Cookies::Netscape: 20.3.6.1. HTTP::Cookies::Netscape (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Daemon: 20.3.7. HTTP::Daemon (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Daemon::ClientConn: 20.3.7.1. HTTP::Daemon::ClientConn methods (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Date: 20.3.5. HTTP::Date (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Headers: 20.3.3. HTTP::Headers (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Message: 20.3.8. HTTP::Message (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Request: 20.1. LWP Overview (Perl in a Nutshell)
      20.3.1. HTTP::Request (Perl in a Nutshell)
    HTTP::Response: 20.1. LWP Overview (Perl in a Nutshell)
      20.3.2. HTTP::Response
    (Perl in a Nutshell)
  HTTP::Status: 20.3.4. HTTP::Status (Perl in a Nutshell)
LWP modules
  LWP::Debug module: 20.2. The LWP Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
  LWP::MediaTypes module: 20.2. The LWP Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
  LWP::Protocol module: 20.2. The LWP Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
  LWP::RobotUA module: 20.2. The LWP Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
    20.2.1. LWP::RobotUA Sections (Perl in a Nutshell)
  LWP::Simple module: 20.2. The LWP Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
    20.2.2. LWP::Simple (Perl in a Nutshell)
  LWP::UserAgent module: 20.1. LWP Overview (Perl in a Nutshell)
    20.2. The LWP Modules (Perl in a Nutshell)
    20.2.3. LWP::UserAgent (Perl in a Nutshell)
URI modules: 20.5. The URI Module (Perl in a Nutshell)
  URI::Escape: 20.5. The URI Module (Perl in a Nutshell)
  URI::Heuristic: 20.5. The URI Module (Perl in a Nutshell)
  URI::URL: 20.5.3. URI::URL (Perl in a Nutshell)

LWP module: B.13.2. Sockets (Learning Perl)
LWP modules: 20.. Introduction (Perl Cookbook)
  extracting HTML tags: 20.6.1. Problem (Perl Cookbook)
LWP::RobotUA module: 20.11.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
LWP::Simple module: 20.1.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  automating HTML forms: 20.2.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  finding stale hyperlinks: 20.7.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  mirroring web pages: 20.10.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
LWP::UserAgent module: 20.1.3. Discussion (Perl Cookbook)
  automating HTML forms: 20.2.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)
  using cookies: 20.14.2. Solution (Perl Cookbook)

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